Updated search — 2 November 2026
37 distinct journal records: 5 newly added and 32 carried forward. Working classification: 7 direct/author-described ZnO-containing HDO, 1 adsorptive HDS (not conventional HDS), 24 reactive-adsorption desulfurization, and 5 other adjacent records. Thus 8 are direct or author-described HDO/adsorptive-HDS, but only 7 are HDO; neither sorbent category should be counted as conventional catalytic HDS. The 7 includes 4 inherited HDO labels that have not all been independently re-audited in this update. Direct conventional HDS/HDN additions: zero verified. This is a bounded preliminary literature map, not an exhaustive or full-text-verified systematic review.
The five additions comprise three author-described ZnO-containing HDO papers and two adjacent records (Zn-promoted HDO with unresolved oxide state; ZnAl₂O₄ spinel deoxygenation). The author-described bio-oil HDO entry requires closer pathway verification. 32 historical cards below are retained unchanged for continuity; their original counts and claims are historical, not the updated totals.
Search date: 2 November 2026. Discovery: OpenAlex public endpoint and scholarly searches; DOI/title metadata checked against Crossref, and specific additions against publisher or institutional records. Queries included guaiacol, phenol, bio-oil, fatty acid, ZnO, mixed oxides, HDO and desulfurization; screening was not exhaustive. Abstracts cannot validate catalyst working states, detailed product pathways or all reaction conditions. No supporting information was systematically inspected.
Newly added papers
33 · DIRECT HDO · Publisher abstract; full text and SI not reviewed.
In situ topologically prepared Co–Zn-based mixed metal oxide bimetallic catalysts for guaiacol hydrodeoxygenation
Yucheng Li, Liyu Zhu, Jingyang Zhao, Mengjie Qiu, Jing Liu, Jing He, Luying Wang, Jiandu Lei. 2023. Industrial Crops and Products. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.117217
Guaiacol and wood-derived bio-oil; Co–Zn mixed oxide incorporating ZnO. Publisher abstract describes ZnO–Co interfacial oxygen vacancies; the isolated ZnO contribution is not established.
34 · DIRECT HDO · Publisher article record; full text not systematically reviewed.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Decorated Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Guaiacol to Phenol
Jintu Francis Kurisingal, Shinjae Lee, Jun Gyeong Lee, Kwangjin An. 2022. Catalysts. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121605
Guaiacol to phenol using Mo₂C and ZnO/CoO-containing carbon shell; multicomponent catalyst, not ZnO alone. Phenol retains oxygen.
35 · AUTHOR-DESCRIBED HDO · Open-access article abstract and methods inspected; SI not reviewed.
Effective hydrodeoxygenation bio-oil via natural zeolite supported transition metal oxide catalyst
Junifa Layla Sihombing, Herlinawati Herlinawati, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Lisnawaty Simatupang, Rahayu Rahayu, Ary Anggara Wibowo. 2023. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104707
Coconut-shell bio-oil upgraded using ZnO on acid-activated natural zeolite; authors report approximately 50% organic-phase conversion, not phenolic conversion or hydrocarbon yield. Oxygen removal pathway requires further verification.
36 · ADJACENT Zn-PROMOTED HDO · Institutional abstract inspected; working state unresolved.
Catalyst Characteristics and Performance of Silica-Supported Zinc for Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenol
Hamed Pourzolfaghar, Faisal Abnisa, Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud, Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua, Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia. 2020. Energies. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13112802
Phenol HDO on silica-supported zinc. Working zinc phase is not firmly established here as ZnO; included separately, not counted as direct verified ZnO HDO. The paper reports 80% phenol conversion for 3% Zn at 500 °C, 1 atm and 0.32 h⁻¹ WHSV; conversion is not hydrocarbon yield.
37 · ADJACENT SPINEL DEOXYGENATION · DOI metadata / abstract-level lead; pathway and full text not verified.
Catalytic deoxygenation of C
18
fatty acid over supported metal Ni catalysts promoted by the basic sites of ZnAl
2
O
4
spinel phase
Guangci Li, Lei Chen, Ruikun Fan, Di Liu, Song Chen, Xuebing Li, Keng H. Chung. 2019. Catalysis Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CY02027B
C18 fatty-acid deoxygenation over Ni on ZnAl₂O₄ spinel; spinel is not ZnO. Do not infer an HDO pathway from the deoxygenation label.
Journal-paper inventory
Each card links to the DOI. Reported year is the metadata publication year and may differ from the issue year. “Record/abstract” means this review has not established complete primary-text inspection.
Direct HDO and adsorptive HDS
1 · HDO · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
A Cu-ZnO-Al2O3 catalyst with oxygen vacancy for efficient hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived guaiacol to hydrocarbons
Yong Liu, Xinghua Zhang, Lungang Chen, Jianguo Liu, Qi Zhang, Longlong Ma. 2024. Chemical Engineering Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2023.119616
Reaction / ZnO role: Guaiacol; Cu–ZnO–Al₂O₃ mixed catalyst; ZnO is a catalyst component and oxygen vacancies are investigated.
2 · HDO · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Highly-efficient and magnetically-separable ZnO/Co@N-CNTs catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of lignin and its derived species under mild conditions
Virendra Ranaware, Deepak Verma, Rizki Insyani, Asim Riaz, Seung Min Kim, Jaehoon Kim. 2019. Green Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8gc03623c
Reaction / ZnO role: Vanillin and lignin-derived substrates; ZnO/Co on nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes; ZnO is a catalyst component.
3 · HDO · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
High-Yield Production of Deoxygenated Monomers from Kraft Lignin over ZnO-Co/N-CNTs in Water
Umair Mushtaq, Jae-Yong Park, Asim Riaz, Virendra Ranaware, Muhammad Kashif Khan, Deepak Verma, Jaehoon Kim. 2021. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08664
Reaction / ZnO role: Kraft lignin; ZnO–Co/N-CNT catalyst; ZnO is a catalyst component.
4 · HDO · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
On the reduction of CO 2 footprint via selective hydrodeoxygenation by ZnO–Ti 3 C 2 T x catalyst under solvent-free conditions
Bhagirath Saini, R. Krishnapriya, Meena Yadav, Rahul Singhal, Rakesh K. Sharma. 2023. Green Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3GC01260C
Reaction / ZnO role: Methyl oleate; ZnO–Ti₃C₂Tₓ catalyst; ZnO composite component.
5 · Adsorptive HDS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Ultra-deep Hydrodesulfurization of Kerosene for Fuel Cell System. (Part 3). Development and Evaluation of Ni/ZnO Catalyst.
Kinya Tawara, Takeshi NISHIMURA, Hikoichi IWANAMI, Tokuyoshi Nishimoto, Takashi Hasuike. 2001. 石油学会誌. https://doi.org/10.1627/jpi1958.44.43
Reaction / ZnO role: Kerosene; Ni/ZnO; ZnO is a support and sulfur acceptor.
Adjacent reactive adsorption desulfurization (RADS)
6 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Nickel supported on zinc oxide nanowires as advanced hydrodesulfurization catalysts
Franz G. Petzold, Jacek Jasinski, Ezra L. Clark, Jeong H. Kim, Jason Absher, Helge Toufar, Mahendra K. Sunkara. 2012. Catalysis Today. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2012.05.030
Reaction / ZnO role: Diesel-range sulfur compounds; Ni on ZnO nanowires; ZnO support and sulfur acceptor.
7 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption of thiophene on Ni/ZnO: Role of hydrogen pretreatment and nature of the rate determining step
Andrey Ryzhikov, Igor Bezverkhyy, Jean-Pierre Bellat. 2008. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.06.009
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene; Ni/ZnO; ZnO-supported reactive adsorbent; hydrogen pretreatment studied.
8 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption of thiophene on Ni/ZnO adsorbent: Effect of ZnO textural structure on the desulfurization activity
Jingcheng Zhang, Yunqi Liu, Shuang Tian, Yongming Chai, Chenguang Liu. 2010. Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-9953(09)60076-1
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene; Ni/ZnO; ZnO textural structure compared.
9 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption desulfurization over a Ni/ZnO adsorbent prepared by homogeneous precipitation
Aihua Kong, Yanyu Wei, Yonghong Li. 2013. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-013-1322-9
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; Ni/ZnO prepared by homogeneous precipitation.
10 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Fabrication of hierarchical porous ZnO and its performance in Ni/ZnO reactive-adsorption desulfurization
Yunqi Liu, Nannan She, Jinchong Zhao, Tingting Peng, Chenguang Liu. 2013. Petroleum Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-013-0311-4
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; hierarchical porous ZnO in Ni/ZnO adsorbent.
11 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization of Hydrotreated Diesel over a Ni/ZnO–Al2O3–SiO2 Adsorbent
Feng Ju, Changjun Liu, Chun Meng, Shuai Gao, Hao Ling. 2015. Energy & Fuels. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b00669
Reaction / ZnO role: Hydrotreated diesel; Ni/ZnO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ reactive adsorbent.
12 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Comparison of the Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization Performance of Ni/ZnO–Al2O3 Adsorbents Prepared by Different Methods
Rooh Ullah, Peng Bai, Pingping Wu, Zhanquan Zhang, Ziyi Zhong, U.J. Etim, Fazle Subhan, Zifeng Yan. 2016. Energy & Fuels. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00232
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; Ni/ZnO–Al₂O₃; preparation methods compared.
13 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization of Fluidized Catalytically Cracked (FCC) Gasoline over a Ca-Doped Ni-ZnO/Al2O3–SiO2 Adsorbent
Feng Ju, Changjun Liu, Kai Li, Chun Meng, Shuai Gao, Hao Ling. 2016. Energy & Fuels. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01117
Reaction / ZnO role: FCC gasoline; Ca-doped Ni–ZnO/Al₂O₃–SiO₂ adsorbent.
14 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption desulfurization coupling aromatization on Ni/ZnO-Zn6Al2O9 prepared by ZnxAly(OH)2(CO3)z·xH2O precursor for FCC gasoline
Tinghai Wang, Xueli Wang, Yuan Gao, Yi Su, Zhichao Miao, Chenchen Wang, Longgang Lu, Lingjun Chou, Xionghou Gao. 2015. Journal of Energy Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2015.07.002
Reaction / ZnO role: FCC gasoline; Ni/ZnO-Zn₆Al₂O₉; desulfurization coupled with aromatization.
15 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
One-Pot Cation–Anion Double Hydrolysis Derived Ni/ZnO–Al2O3 Absorbent for Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization
Rooh Ullah, Zhanquan Zhang, Peng Bai, Pingping Wu, Dezhi Han, U.J. Etim, Zifeng Yan. 2016. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04421
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; Ni/ZnO–Al₂O₃ adsorbent; synthesis method studied.
16 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Research on Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization over Ni/ZnO−SiO 2 −Al 2 O 3 Adsorbent in a Fixed-Fluidized Bed Reactor
Jingxin Fan, Gang Wang, Yu Sun, Chunming Xu, Hongjun Zhou, Guanglin Zhou, Jinsen Gao. 2010. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie100923v
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; Ni/ZnO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ in a fixed-fluidized-bed reactor.
17 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
A Detailed Study on the Negative Effect of Residual Sodium on the Performance of Ni/ZnO Adsorbent for Diesel Fuel Desulfurization
Lichun Huang, Zhangfeng Qin, Guofu Wang, Mingxian Du, Hui Ge, Xuekuan Li, Zhiwei Wu, Jianguo Wang. 2010. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie100293h
Reaction / ZnO role: Diesel; Ni/ZnO; effect of residual sodium.
18 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Effect of Pretreatment on the Adsorption Performance of Ni/ZnO Adsorbent for Dibenzothiophene Desulfurization
Lichun Huang, Lai Yan, Mingxing Tang, Guofu Wang, Zhangfeng Qin, Hui Ge. 2018. ACS Omega. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b02843
Reaction / ZnO role: Dibenzothiophene; Ni/ZnO; adsorbent pretreatment compared.
19 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
The Role of NiO in Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization Over NiO/ZnO-Al2O3-SiO2 Adsorbent
Feng Ju, Miao Wang, Tian Wu, Hao Ling. 2019. Catalysts. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9010079
Reaction / ZnO role: Model gasoline containing thiophene; NiO/ZnO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂; NiO function examined.
20 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption desulfurization of NiO and Ni 0 over NiO/ZnO–Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 adsorbents: role of hydrogen pretreatment
Feng Ju, Miao Wang, Hui Luan, Pengyu Du, Zhihe Tang, Hao Ling. 2018. RSC Advances. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA06309E
Reaction / ZnO role: FCC gasoline; NiO/ZnO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂; hydrogen pretreatment examined.
21 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive adsorption desulfurization of thiophene over NiMo/ZnO, a new adsorbent with high desulfurization performance and sulfur capacity at moderate temperature
Mingxing Tang, Weixing Wang, Ligong Zhou, Ye Zhang, Zhangfeng Qin, Wenpeng Han, Jianguo Wang, Hui Ge, Xuekuan Li. 2019. Catalysis Science & Technology. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9CY01070J
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene; NiMo/ZnO; ZnO support in a bimetallic reactive adsorbent.
22 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Trail of sulfur during the desulfurization via reactive adsorption on Ni/ZnO
Ye Song, Bo Peng, Xue Yang, Qiuqiao Jiang, Jun Liu, Wei Shin Lin. 2020. Green Energy & Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2020.05.010
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene; reduced Ni/ZnO; sulfur fate studied experimentally and theoretically.
23 · RADS theory · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
New insights into the mechanism of reactive adsorption desulfurization on Ni/ZnO catalysts: Theoretical evidence showing the existence of interfacial sulfur transfer pathway and the essential role of hydrogen
Houyu Zhu, Naiyou Shi, Dongyuan Liu, Rui Li, Jinggang Yu, Qitang Ma, Tuya Li, Hao Ren, Yuan Pan, Yunqi Liu, Wenyue Guo. 2023. Petroleum Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petsci.2023.05.014
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene on Ni/ZnO interface; DFT model, not a measured feed-conversion experiment.
24 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Reactive Adsorption Desulfurization of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Gasoline: The Effect of Promoters (Fe, Mo, and W) on the Structural and Catalytic Properties of Ni/ZnO Adsorbents
Huanhuan Yang, Gang Wang, Fei Luo, Falu Dang, Zhongdong Zhang. 2023. Energy & Fuels. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c00004
Reaction / ZnO role: FCC gasoline; Fe-, Mo-, and W-promoted Ni/ZnO reactive adsorbents.
25 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Deep Adsorption Desulfurization of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Light Gasoline on NiO/ZnO-TiO2 Adsorbents with a High Breakthrough Sulfur Capacity
Guanglin Zhou, Sheng Chen, Weili Jiang, Qin Li, Hongjun Zhou, Xuecheng Gong, Xiance Zhang. 2022. ACS Omega. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c06645
Reaction / ZnO role: FCC light gasoline; NiO/ZnO–TiO₂ adsorbents; breakthrough sulfur capacity.
26 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Interactions of Ni/ZnO with alumina support and their influence on deep reactive adsorption desulfurization
Rooh Ullah, Mustafa Tuzen. 2022. Journal of Molecular Liquids. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120082
Reaction / ZnO role: Feed not established from title; Ni/ZnO with alumina; support interaction studied.
27 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Effect of Surface Concentration of Nickel on the Activity and Selectivity of Ni/ZnO-Al2O3 Sorbents in Reactive–Adsorption Desulfurization of Olefin-Containing Feedstock
A. A. Botin, Alexander V. Mozhaev, R. E. Boldushevskii, Yu. A. Khamzin, П. А. Никульшин. 2022. Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10553-022-01379-3
Reaction / ZnO role: Olefin-containing feed; Ni/ZnO–Al₂O₃; Ni surface concentration varied.
28 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
In situ XAS study on the mechanism of reactive adsorption desulfurization of oil product over Ni/ZnO
Lichun Huang, Guofu Wang, Zhangfeng Qin, Mei Dong, Mingxian Du, Hui Ge, Xuekuan Li, Yidong Zhao, Jing Zhang, Tiandou Hu, Jianguo Wang. 2011. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.05.001
Reaction / ZnO role: Model diesel with dibenzothiophene; Ni/ZnO; in situ X-ray absorption study.
29 · RADS · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Ultra-deep desulfurization via reactive adsorption on Ni/ZnO: The effect of ZnO particle size on the adsorption performance
Yuliang Zhang, Yongxing Yang, Hongxian Han, Min Yang, Lu Wang, Yongna Zhang, Zongxuan Jiang, Can Li. 2012. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.02.004
Reaction / ZnO role: Thiophene in model gasoline; Ni/ZnO; ZnO particle size varied.
Other adjacent reaction chemistry
30 · Adjacent hydrogenolysis · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Investigation on the cleavage of β-O-4 linkage in dimeric lignin model compound over nickel catalysts supported on ZnO-Al2O3 composite oxides with varying Zn/Al ratios
Chen Xu, Si-Fu Tang, Xianyong Sun, Yuanyuan Sun, Guangci Li, Jingbo Qi, Xiaoyu Li, Xuebing Li. 2017. Catalysis Today. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2017.05.048
Reaction / ZnO role: β-O-4 lignin dimer; Ni on ZnO–Al₂O₃ mixed supports; cleavage not established as HDO.
31 · Adjacent hydrogenation · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Effects of ZnO on Characteristics and Selectivity of Coprecipitated Ni/ZnO/Al2O3Catalysts for Partial Hydrogenation of Sunflower Oil
Farng Hui Wong, Timm Joyce Tiong, Loong Kong Leong, Kuen‐Song Lin, Yeow Hong Yap. 2018. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04963
Reaction / ZnO role: Sunflower oil partial hydrogenation; ZnO-modified Ni/Al₂O₃; not established as HDO.
32 · Adjacent deoxygenation · DOI record / search-accessible article record; full text not systematically reviewed
Renewable diesel via solventless and hydrogen-free catalytic deoxygenation of palm fatty acid distillate
Khairul Basyar Baharudin, Nurulhuda Abdullah, Yun Hin Taufiq‐Yap, Darfizzi Derawi. 2020. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122850
Reaction / ZnO role: Palm fatty-acid distillate; NiO–ZnO; hydrogen-free deoxygenation, not established hydrotreating.